Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as "pink eye," is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the thin, clear tissue that lines the inside of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye (sclera). It can affect one or both eyes and can be caused by various factors, including infections, allergies, or irritants. Conjunctivitis is a common condition that can range from mild discomfort to more severe symptoms.
Types of Conjunctivitis
Infectious Conjunctivitis: Caused by bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms. Direct contact with infected individuals, contaminated surfaces, or personal items can spread the infection. Common types of infectious conjunctivitis include:
- Viral Conjunctivitis: Often caused by adenoviruses, and typically associated with cold-like symptoms.
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Caused by bacteria and often leads to a thick discharge that can cause the eyelids to stick together.
Allergic Conjunctivitis: Triggered by an allergic reaction to pollen, pet dander, dust mites, or other allergens.
Irritant Conjunctivitis: Caused by exposure to irritants like smoke, chemicals, or foreign objects.
Symptoms of Conjunctivitis
- Redness in the white of the eye and inner eyelid
- Watery or thick discharge
- Itching or burning sensation
- Gritty feeling, as if there's something in the eye
- Swelling of the eyelids
- Sensitivity to light
- Crusting of eyelashes, especially in the morning
Treatment of Conjunctivitis
Treatment depends on the underlying cause of conjunctivitis:
- Infectious Conjunctivitis: Viral conjunctivitis usually resolves on its own and may require supportive care like cold compresses and artificial tears. Bacterial conjunctivitis may be treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments.
- Allergic Conjunctivitis: Avoiding allergens is key. Antihistamine eye drops can help alleviate symptoms.
- Irritant Conjunctivitis: Remove the irritant, rinse the eye with clean water, and use artificial tears to soothe the eye.
