Blurry Vision: Possible Reasons
Blurry vision can significantly impact daily life, making reading, driving, and performing everyday tasks difficult. It is temporary and harmless in some cases, while in others, it may indicate a more serious underlying condition.
If you're wondering why your vision is blurry, this article explores 15 possible reasons for blurry eyesight and when you should seek medical attention.
1. Refractive Errors (Myopia, Hyperopia, Astigmatism, Presbyopia)
One of the most common causes of blurry vision is refractive errors, which affect how light is focused on the retina.
- Myopia (Nearsightedness): Difficulty seeing distant objects clearly.
- Hyperopia (Farsightedness): Difficulty focusing on close-up objects.
- Astigmatism: An irregularly shaped cornea causing distorted vision.
- Presbyopia: Age-related difficulty in seeing close objects, usually after 40.
You may need corrective glasses or contact lenses if blurry vision is accompanied by eye strain, headaches, or trouble reading.
2. Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eye syndrome occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when tears evaporate too quickly, leading to blurry vision.
Causes of dry eyes:
- Excessive screen use
- Dry environments (air conditioning, heating)
- Hormonal changes (pregnancy, menopause)
Using artificial tears and maintaining proper eye hydration can improve symptoms.
3. Eye Strain (Digital Eye Strain)
Excessive use of computers and smartphones can lead to eye strain and temporary blurry vision.
Preventing digital eye strain:
- 20-20-20 rule (Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet [6 meters] away for 20 seconds).
- Adjust screen brightness and glare.
- Use blue light filters.
4. Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)
Low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) can cause blurry vision, dizziness, and confusion.
Potential causes:
- Skipping meals
- Diabetes
- Overuse of insulin
Eating a snack rich in carbohydrates can help relieve symptoms.
5. High Blood Pressure or Diabetes
High blood pressure and diabetes can affect the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to blurry or distorted vision.
In cases of diabetic retinopathy, damage to the retina can become irreversible, making regular eye exams essential for diabetic patients.
6. Cataracts
Cataracts are a gradual clouding of the eye's lens that can cause progressive vision loss.
Symptoms:
- Blurry or foggy vision
- Difficulty driving at night
- Increased sensitivity to light
7. Glaucoma
Glaucoma is an eye disease that causes increased intraocular pressure, damaging the optic nerve.
Symptoms:
- Blurry vision
- Loss of peripheral vision
- Headache and nausea
Without treatment, glaucoma can lead to permanent blindness.
8. Optic Neuritis
Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve, often linked to multiple sclerosis.
Symptoms:
- Blurry vision
- Eye pain, especially when moving the eyes
- Reduced color perception
9. Eye Infections or Inflammation (Conjunctivitis, Keratitis)
Eye infections such as conjunctivitis or keratitis can cause blurry vision, redness, and discomfort.
10. Retinal Detachment
Retinal detachment is a medical emergency that can lead to permanent vision loss.
Symptoms:
- Sudden flashes of light or black floaters
- Shadow or curtain-like effect in vision
11. Contact Lens Overuse
Wearing contact lenses for too long can lead to dry eyes, infections, and blurred vision.
12. Medication Side Effects
Some medications, including antihistamines, antidepressants, and corticosteroids, may cause blurry vision as a side effect.
13. Stroke
Sudden vision loss or double vision may indicate a stroke.
14. Migraines with Aura
A migraine aura can cause temporary blurry vision or flashing lights before a headache begins.
15. Fatigue and Dehydration
Fatigue and dehydration can lead to temporary blurry vision, which improves with rest and proper hydration.
Conclusion
Blurry vision may result from simple causes such as eye strain or dry eyes, but it can also be a sign of severe conditions. If blurry vision persists or is accompanied by other symptoms, consult an eye doctor immediately.
