Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA), or otherwise Histocompatibility Antigens, are proteins that are present on the surface of each cell and allow the immune system to recognize the "self" from the "foreign". The antigens are divided into HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C (Class I Histocompatibility Antigens) and HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DR (Class II Histocompatibility Antigens). HLA antigens are products of closely linked genes located on chromosome 6.
Each person has about 8 types of HLA. Since each type of HLA can have dozens of subtypes, the likelihood of two unrelated individuals having the same HLA motifs is very small. Although the determination of HLA is mainly used to check donor and recipient compatibility in transplantations, it is also frequently used in medical research because HLA profiles are associated with specific diseases. The most common example is HLA-B27, which has been found in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. Other types have been found to be related to celiac disease or type 1 diabetes.
HLA screening is done to determine which leukocyte antigens are present on the cell surface. This information is vital during organ transplantation to minimize the likelihood of rejection. Another use of HLA determination is paternity testing. In this case, the child's HLA is compared to that of the potential father. If the HLA typing does not fit, it excludes the candidate from being the father. However, if the HLA typing fits, it indicates that the candidate could be the biological father.
This assay is designed to provide low-to-medium resolution for HLA typing.
Important Note
Laboratory test results are the most important parameter for the diagnosis and monitoring of all pathological conditions. 70%-80% of diagnostic decisions are based on laboratory tests. The correct interpretation of laboratory results allows a doctor to distinguish "healthy" from "diseased".
Laboratory test results should not be interpreted from the numerical result of a single analysis. Test results should be interpreted in relation to each individual case and family history, clinical findings, and the results of other laboratory tests and information. Your personal physician should explain the importance of your test results.
At Diagnostiki Athinon we answer any questions you may have about the test you perform in our laboratory and we contact your doctor to get the best possible medical care.
