Serologic testing for the mumps virus is used for the laboratory diagnosis of infection with this virus, the documentation of previous infection with mumps in individuals with no prior vaccination history, and the determination of immune response in humans.
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The mumps virus is a member of the paramyxovirus family (viruses with single-stranded RNA genetic material), including the measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and parainfluenza viruses. It causes mumps or epidemic parotitis.
Mumps has a worldwide spread. Mumps virus is transmitted from person to person by saliva droplets or direct contact with saliva-contaminated objects. Unvaccinated children between the ages of 2 and 12 constitute the group with the most common infections, but infection can occur in other age groups.
The incubation period is usually 12-26 days. Mumps virus initially infects the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, or eyes. After its initial proliferation, the virus causes viremia, after which mumps are the primary manifestation of the disease. Less frequently, the primary manifestation of the disease is meningitis. Painful swelling of salivary glands (typically mumps on one or both sides) and fever are the most typical symptoms of the disease. Painful testicular swelling and rash may also occur. The fever lasts 3-5 days and can reach up to 39 ° C.
Complications of the disease include infections of various glands (other salivary glands, massive mammary glands, testes, ovaries, pancreas, and prostate). Orchitis (testicular enlargement) may occur in boys after puberty who come in contact with the mumps virus, but infertility as a result of orchitis is a rare complication. In the elderly, the central nervous system, pancreas, prostate, breast,s and other organs may be affected. Infection of the pancreas by the virus is painful and accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
Important Note
Laboratory test results are the most critical parameter for diagnosing and monitoring all pathological conditions. Between 70 to 80% of diagnostic decisions are based on laboratory tests. Correctly interpreting laboratory results allows a doctor to distinguish "healthy" from "diseased."
Laboratory test results should not be interpreted from the numerical result of a single analysis. Test results should be analyzed based on each case and family history, clinical findings, and the results of other laboratory tests and information. Your physician should explain the importance of your test results.
At Diagnostiki Athinon, we answer any questions you may have about the test you perform in our laboratory and contact your doctor to ensure you receive the best possible medical care.
