The measurement of antibodies against thyroglobulin (anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, anti-TG) is used for the laboratory diagnosis and confirmation of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, neonatal hypothyroidism, and postpartum thyroiditis.
Thyroglobulin is a thyroid glycoprotein that plays a role in the synthesis of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). In certain types of thyroid disorders, thyroglobulin can get out of the thyroid gland. Once released into the bloodstream, it appears as an antigen in the body, causing the immune system to produce antibodies against the thyroid gland, thereby leading to inflammation and destruction of the thyroid gland. Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies are present in the majority of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The measurement of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies is usually done in conjunction with the examination of anti-microsomal antibodies (anti-TPO). The presence of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies in the mother during pregnancy may increase the risk of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism in the fetus or newborn.
What Do Pathological Values Mean?
- Increase: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, type 1 diabetes mellitus, granulomatous thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, juvenile lymphocytic thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, myxedema, nodular goiter, pernicious anemia, primary hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid autoimmune diseases, thyroid cancer, thyrotoxicosis. Medications: oral contraceptives.
Important Note
Laboratory test results are the most important parameter for the diagnosis and monitoring of all pathological conditions. 70%-80% of diagnostic decisions are based on laboratory tests. The correct interpretation of laboratory results allows a doctor to distinguish "healthy" from "diseased".
Laboratory test results should not be interpreted from the numerical result of a single analysis. Test results should be interpreted in relation to each individual case and family history, clinical findings, and the results of other laboratory tests and information. Your personal physician should explain the importance of your test results.
At Diagnostiki Athinon we answer any questions you may have about the test you perform in our laboratory and we contact your doctor to get the best possible medical care.
