Plasma homocysteine measurement is used to assess the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and to screen patients for possible genetic diseases of methionine metabolism.
More information
Homocysteine (HCY) is an amino acid derived from methionine metabolism, which involves the vitamins B complex cobalamin, folic acid, pyridoxine, and riboflavin. The methionine metabolism to homocysteine is offset by choline and betaine, coenzymes involved in converting homocysteine back into methionine. Although the precise function of homocysteine is not clear, it is known that it can damage the vascular endothelium and participate in the induction of thrombi. High levels of homocysteine are known to signal risks in various areas.
Homocystinuria is a hereditary disease in which people who lack the enzymes that help control homocysteine levels suffer from severe cardiovascular disease at an early age. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been proven in recent years to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, carotid stenosis, coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and venous thrombosis.
Elevated levels of homocysteine are also associated with fetal neural tube abnormalities, late miscarriages, placental infarction, and impaired cognitive function in elderly patients. Homocysteine levels are higher in smokers, people who consume coffee, diabetics, and patients who are obese or hypertensive.
Possible Interpretations of Pathological Values
- Increase: Alcohol consumption, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, follicular phase of menstrual cycle, giant cell arteritis, homocystinuria, hypothyroidism, hypovolemia, hereditary metabolic disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, psoriasis, renal failure (chronic), schizophrenia, vitamin deficiency (cobalamin, folic acid, pyridoxine). Medications: Metformin.
- Decrease: Hyperthyroidism. Medications: Celiprolol, folic acid, nebivolol, vitamin B12.
Important Note
Laboratory test results are the most critical parameter for diagnosing and monitoring all pathological conditions. Between 70 to 80% of diagnostic decisions are based on laboratory tests. Correctly interpreting laboratory results allows a doctor to distinguish "healthy" from "diseased."
Laboratory test results should not be interpreted from the numerical result of a single analysis. Test results should be analyzed based on each case and family history, clinical findings, and the results of other laboratory tests and information. Your physician should explain the importance of your test results.
At Diagnostiki Athinon, we answer any questions you may have about the test you perform in our laboratory and contact your doctor to ensure you receive the best possible medical care.
