Lutein, Serum - Preventive Tests | Diagnostiki Athinon

The lutein serum test measures the level of lutein in the bloodstream, offering insights into the body’s antioxidant status and carotenoid profile. Lutein is a naturally occurring xanthophyll carotenoid found in high amounts in leafy green vegetables and certain fruits. In the human body, lutein primarily accumulates in the retina's macula and the lens of the eye, where it plays a crucial role in visual function and protection against oxidative damage. Its presence in serum indicates recent dietary intake and bioavailability, serving as an indirect marker of nutritional health related to eye health and systemic antioxidant defenses.

Lutein possesses potent antioxidant properties, particularly in neutralizing reactive oxygen species generated by blue light and ultraviolet radiation. This is crucial in maintaining macular health and preventing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Epidemiological studies show that low serum lutein levels are linked to a higher risk of AMD, cataracts, and other degenerative eye conditions. Besides its benefits for eye health, lutein has been linked to improvements in cognitive function, heart health, and the regulation of inflammatory processes due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Serum lutein levels are affected by dietary intake, absorption efficiency, and individual metabolic and genetic factors. Elevated levels may result from supplementation or diets high in lutein-rich foods such as spinach, kale, corn, and egg yolks. Conversely, lower levels can indicate poor dietary intake, impaired lipid absorption, or increased oxidative stress that uses up circulating carotenoids. In people with chronic inflammation, metabolic syndrome, or gastrointestinal malabsorption disorders, lutein levels may be decreased due to higher oxidative demand or reduced bioavailability.

This test is crucial for nutritional assessment, particularly in individuals at risk for degenerative eye diseases or those undergoing antioxidant therapy. It helps evaluate overall antioxidant capacity and can track the success of dietary changes or supplementation. Since the body cannot produce lutein, its level in serum directly shows exogenous intake and absorption, providing a valuable biomarker for nutritional status related to carotenoids and antioxidant protection.